Russia Today: Russia possesses the most nuclear weapons, with an estimated 6,490 warheads. The United States is second, with 5,500 warheads. China's nuclear arsenal is estimated to be between 300 and 500 weapons.
These estimates are based on reported missile launches and military exercises, along with known-status nuclear facilities. No one knows how many nuclear weapons each of these countries actually has, but it is believed that both Russia and the United States have failed to report some missiles and submarines.
In addition to these two nuclear superpowers, India and Pakistan also have nuclear weapons. It is estimated that these two countries have 100 to 150 nuclear weapons each.
Nuclear weapons are devices that use the energy released by atoms when they split into parts called nuclei. These particles release a large amount of energy in a very short time, which can be used for destruction or for producing other elements. Nuclear bombs are types of nuclear weapons that use the explosion of fuel (usually uranium) to produce more radiation and therefore create even more damage. A hydrogen bomb uses atomic fusion to create a massive explosion as well as generate heat and radiation. This type of weapon is only available in theory since no one has ever built one before.
Russia's total number of nuclear weapons in the globe as of January 2020
Nuclear powers | Number of nuclear warheads |
---|---|
Worldwide total | 13,400 |
Russia | 6,375 |
USA | 5,800 |
France | 290 |
There are 4,500 nuclear warheads. We estimate that Russia possesses roughly 4,500 nuclear warheads allocated for deployment by long-range strategic launchers and shorter-range tactical nuclear weapons as of early 2021. This number includes approximately 1,550 deployed ballistic missiles and 300 submarine-launched ballistic missiles.
This number is stable compared to 2010 when there were about 5,000 nuclear warheads believed to be held by Moscow. The reduction follows a series of disarmament agreements with other countries, most notably with US President Donald Trump's administration. Russia has also destroyed several hundred nuclear warheads since 2015.
In 2020, Russia will start dismantling its nuclear arsenal, which will reduce its total number of warheads to 400-450. The first step will be to begin reducing the number of deployed ICBMs, which will drop from 1,550 to 1,330. Over the next five years, an additional three subsets of nuclear weapons will be eliminated: SLBMs, ABMs, and NRTs. By 2035, all Russian nuclear weapons will be scrapped or dismantled.
Currently, only the United States and Russia possess nuclear weapons. But several other countries have nuclear programs, some extenting beyond pure research into weapon development. These include China, France, India, Israel, Pakistan, South Korea, Britain, and the former Soviet republics of Belarus and Kazakhstan.
The total number of nuclear weapons in the globe as of January 20, 2021.
Nuclear powers | Number of nuclear warheads |
---|---|
Worldwide total | 13,080 |
Russia | 6,255 |
USA | 5,550 |
China | 350 |
According to the Federation of American Scientists, the United States possesses around 3,600 operational nuclear weapons, whereas Russia has approximately 4,300. There are less than 300 in any third nation. The B61 gravity bomb is the sole non-strategic nuclear weapon in the United States today. It is carried by a Boeing C-17 Globemaster III aircraft.
The Soviet Union had a larger arsenal of nuclear weapons than modern Russia, with an estimated 7,000 to 8,000 warheads in 1991. However, many of these weapons were considered obsolete and ineffective during peacetime conditions. A number of factors contributed to this including the cost of developing new missiles, President Reagan's "Star Wars" program, and the Soviet government's decision to not maintain its nuclear forces after 1991.
In addition to having more total warheads, the United States also has a higher rate of nuclear weapons production. In fact, the United States is expected to release another 100 bombs this year alone.
Russia's nuclear stockpile was much smaller than that of the United States in terms of both quantity and quality. Modern Russian rockets do not carry nuclear warheads; instead they are designed to deliver conventional payloads. Some older rockets still in service may be capable of carrying small nuclear charges but the Kremlin has said it has no plans to resume nuclear testing.